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"Photons are the smallest unit of light. A 10-watt bulb can emit about 1020 photons in a second." Dr. Yu Lixing, a researcher at the Shanghai Institute of Microsystems and Information Technology (hereinafter referred to as the Shanghai Institute of Microsystems) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told Sci-tech Daily that single photon detection technology is a photon detection technology, representing the limit of optical signal detection ability.
How important is a single photon detector to quantum information? Ulystar makes an analogy: suppose a water drop is the smallest unit of water. Usually the faucet turns on the water and rushes out. Quantum control is like using a water faucet to control every drop. A single photon detector is equivalent to detecting every drop. "We are going to convert a single photon detected into an electrical signal. The current detection level is that if 100 photons are emitted, we can detect 90 photons."
Coordination between SNSPD Special Forces and Quantum Information National Team
Ulystar returned to China in 2007 to develop low temperature superconducting nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD) technology in Shanghai Microsystems. The technology utilizes the photosensitive properties of superconducting nanomaterials to detect single photon.
The research and development of single photon detector is a very complex system engineering, from material production, processing to system integration must be explored from scratch. Before mastering the core technology of SNSPD independently, the single photon detector used in the quantum communication experiment in our country has only 20% efficiency and great noise, which is far from the highest level in the world. The lack of high performance single photon detectors has seriously affected the competition between scientists in the field of quantum information in China and foreign counterparts.

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